Monthly Archives: February 2012

The Stuggles of the Freedmen

The Civil War freed millions from slavery, but the years following the conflict brought forth a new set of problems. There was, for a time, a glimpse of hope that freed slaves would receive their own small farms. Yet the promise of “forty acres and a mule” turned out to be more rumor than reality.

The federal government, with the formation of the Freedmen’s Bureau, did take commendable steps to educate former slaves and help them find employment. A war hero with an abolitionist background, Gen. Oliver Otis Howard, from whom Howard University was named, was the first commissioner of the bureau.

General Howard’s job wasn’t easy. Many white southerners bitterly refused to accept new realities, and some schools set up by the Freedmen’s Bureau were burned to the ground.

In the economic realm the freedmen faced other difficulties. The dream of owning land was simply put out of reach for many. And the system of sharecropping which became common in the South was, in some ways, not far from slavery.

The end of slavery is rightly celebrated as a great milestone. But the years which followed were marked by many struggles which should never be forgotten.

Article source: http://afroamhistory.about.com/b/2012/02/28/the-stuggles-of-the-freedmen.htm


Her Story: Women in Action for Brownie Girl Scouts

Programs for Boy and Girl Scouts

Boy and Girl Scout troops are welcome to reserve a school program (minimum payments and reservation requirements still apply) or enjoy a self-guided visit to the museum during regular museum hours.  Complimentary copies of our Family History Hunt are available at The Lyceum’s reception desk.  Lyceum patches are available for $3 in the museum shop. 

How to Schedule a Reserved Program:  Contact the Education Coordinator at 703-746-4994 for more information.


Former Girl Scout PanelBrownies: Her Story: Women in Action – March 17, 2012

This annual special event fulfills the requirements for the “Her Story” Try-It for Brownie Girl Scouts.  Brownies will participate in hands-on activities and a service project. 

Celebrate women and learn about issues important to women and girls in your community at this special women’s history month event!  A panel of former Girl Scouts will share their memories of Girl Scouting and how scouting empowered them.  Brownies will learn about the founder of American Girl Scouting Juliette Gordon Low by looking at a timeline of her life. Girls and adults will add their own future goals to the timeline.  Alexandria’s Department of Community and Human Services is sponsoring two activity stations to help Brownies learn about important women’s issues.

  • At the “Healthy Relationships” station, participants will create a Peace Tree. The positive words participants write on lip and hand cutouts symbolize their commitment not to use hands to hurt or say hurtful things to others. Each troop will be able to take their Peace Tree home with them.
  • Girl and adult participants will decorate pink ribbon cutouts at the station where they will learn about Alexandria’s Walk for Breast Cancer. The ribbons are collected to decorate at the Walk.

Peace TreeBrownies and adults will be divided into small groups to visit activity “stations” during this program; larger troops may be subdivided into different groups during the program. 

Participants will be asked to bring an item to donate to the Alexandria Domestic Violence Safehouse; a list of suggested items will be provided before the event.  In 2011, Her Story participants contributed over 85 pounds of donations!

When:  Saturday, March 17, 2012

  • Session 1: 1:30 – 2:40pm Online sales are now closed. Limited space may still be available. Please call 703-746-4994 to make a reservation.
  • Session 2: 3:00 – 4:10pm Session II is now filled; registration is closed.

Fees:  $6 per Scout, $6 per Adult

How to Register: Register online or by calling The Lyceum at 703-746-4994.

Additional Information: Please contact The Lyceum’s Education Coordinator at 703-746-4994.


Seniors, Cadettes, Ambassadors: Volunteer Opportunities

The Lyceum is owned and operated by the City of Alexandria; volunteering will fulfill requirements for Local Government volunteer hours

Other volunteer opportunities for special events may occur periodically during the year. Contact the Education Coordinator at 703-746-4994 for more information.

Her Story: Women in Action for Brownie Girl Scouts – March 17, 2012

We are looking for Cadette, Senior, and Ambassador Girl Scouts to help with our special event for Brownies, Her Story: Women in Action.

Youth volunteer tasks may include:

  • Leading groups of Brownies around Lecture hall to “stations” during each program;
  • Assisting presenters as they speak with Brownie Girl Scout groups;
  • Helping with simple hands-on activities;
  • Helping visitors in museum exhibition galleries and other event support.

How to Volunteer: Contact the Education Coordinator at 703-746-4994 to volunteer or for more information.

Clio’s Kids Summer Camp – July 24-26, 2012

We are looking for Cadette, Senior, and Ambassador Girl Scouts to be Junior Counselors for our summer camp, Clio’s Kids, July 24-26, 2012.

Volunteer tasks may include:

  • Assisting campers and staff with activities, such as crafts, snack, and other hands-on activities;
  • Helping with set-up and break down of camp activities before, during, and after the camp day;
  • Accompanying campers on off-site field trips;
  • Participating in counselor training before camp.

The camp day runs 9:00 a.m. to noon; Junior Counselors will arrive early and stay after camp to prepare for and clean up each day.

How to Volunteer: Contact the Education Coordinator at 703-746-4994 for information about how to apply.

Article source: http://alexandriava.gov/historic/lyceum/default.aspx?id=55868&src=rss


Tickets Available for 16th Annual Antiques in Alexandria, March 8

Tickets Available for Antiques in Alexandria Logo16th Annual Antiques in Alexandria, March 8 – 11, 2012

Tickets are available for the 16th Annual Antiques in Alexandria show, March 8 – 11, 2012 at The Waterford in Springfield, Virginia.  Proceeds from Antiques in Alexandria benefit The Lyceum Company, The TWIG, and The Alexandria Association.  Purchase tickets online or in person at The Lyceum.  For more information, visit www.antiquesinalexandria.net.

Article source: http://alexandriava.gov/historic/lyceum/default.aspx?id=57682&src=rss


Educational Resources

Children of Chernobyl Adventure Lesson imageArchaeology Education Programs

  • The Archaeological Process
  • Lesson Plans
  • Arranging a Field Trip
  • Archaeology Adventure Lessons
  • Alexandria Archaeology Summer Camp
  • Field School in Public and Historical Archaeology
  • Internship Opportunities

The Archaeological Process

Archaeological projects are conducted in a step-by-step process, much like scientific experiments. Learn more about how archaeologists in Alexandria go about selecting a site, conducting research, excavating a site, cleaning and cataloguing artifacts, and reporting their findings.


Lesson Plans

Lesson plans on topics relating to Alexandria history are available online for use in the classroom. One archaeology learning activity examines a harmonica found on an archaeological site in the African American neighborhood known as Haiti.


Arranging a Field Trip

To arrange a field trip, contact the Office of Historic Alexandria education coordinator at Alexandria Archaeology by email or at 703.746.4399.

If you would like to combine your visit with lessons at other Alexandria museums, please look over our list of sites offering educational programs before calling. The Alexandria Archaeology Museum can accommodate up to 20 students at a time for an Adventure Lesson. Large groups may be accommodated by dividing them into smaller groups and rotating site visits, as many of the historic properties are within easy walking distance of each other.

The Alexandria Archaeology Museum and many other sites offer free admission to the groups from the Alexandria City Public Schools. Some also offer free programs to other public school groups. When making reservations, inquire about the fee structure


Potter's Art Adventure Lesson imageArchaeology Adventure Lessons

The Archaeology Adventure Lessons demonstrate the step-by-step process of archaeology through hands-on group activities using artifacts from the Alexandria Archaeology collection. The Adventure Lessons, held at the Alexandria Archaeology Museum, are suitable for school classes, scout groups, birthdays, summer camps, adult and senior groups. Call the archaeology educator at 703-746-4399 at lease two weeks in advance to schedule a lesson.

Lessons are free to Alexandria Public School Groups, and $2.00 per person ($20.00 minimum) for all other groups. The educator can also arrange combined tours with other Alexandria museums and historic properties.

Elementary Age Lessons 

  • How Sweet it Was: The Sugar Trade in Alexandria – Activity Sheet
    What is a Sugar House? Examine special artifacts to learn how sugar was made in the 19th century. Learn how archaeologists identify and classify artifacts. Learn more about sugar refining pottery.
  • The Potter’s Art: Alexandria Stoneware Pottery Designs – Activity Sheet
    Who made this pot? Learn to identify Alexandria’s potters by their designs on salt-glazed stoneware pottery. Learn more about Alexandria stoneware 
  • Archaeologists Set the Tavern Table – Activity Sheet
    How do archaeologists relate artifacts to historic documents? Use tavern keeper Mary Hawkin’s 1777 inventory and artifacts excavated from Gadsby’s Tavern courtyard to bring an 18th century tavern to life. Visit Gadsby’s Tavern Museum on a combined tour.

Lessons for Older Students and Adults 


Summer Camp, 2008Alexandria Archaeology Summer Camp

WHAT: Help Alexandria’s City archaeologists excavate a real archaeological site! Learn professional excavating, recording, and artifact processing methods. Uncover Alexandria’s buried past while protecting the City’s valuable historic resources.

WHO: Ages: 12 – 15.

WHEN: Session I: July 16-20, 2012; Session II: July 23-27, 2012

WHERE: The Alexandria Archaeology Museum, and a real archaeological site in Alexandria (to be announced)

COST: $400/session, Scholarships available


Field School imageField School in Public and Historical Archaeology

Curriculum

Each May the George Washington University and Alexandria Archaeology offer a ten-day field and laboratory course in Old Town Alexandria, Virginia, designed as an introduction for those students wanting knowledge in archaeological basics and the uses of archaeology for the public. The course takes place at an archaeological site in Alexandria and at the Alexandria Archaeology Museum’s laboratory in the Torpedo Factory Art Center.

Students gain experience in survey and excavation techniques, the use of the transit, field record keeping, artifact identification, and laboratory processing. Techniques for onsite public interpretation and for artifact analysis in the laboratory will also be taught. Lectures will be presented on the history of the site, the history of Alexandria and its urban development, excavation techniques, and the theoretical basis of the summer’s work. The curriculum is applicable to anthropology, history, preservation, museum studies, education, and American Studies.

General Information for 2012

May 21-25, 2012 Monday through Friday, and
May 29-June 2, 2012 Monday through Saturday

How to Register: Students register for Field School in Public and Historical Archaeology through The George Washington University. The course carries three semester hours of graduate or undergraduate credit through the American Studies or Anthropology departments. Class size will be limited to 20 students.

Archaeology in Old Town Alexandria

Alexandria was established on a crescent bay of the Potomac River by Scottish traders in the 1730s. It grew in the 18th century into one of the most important ports of the region. Alexandria was located at the juncture of the industrial North and the agrarian South, and was included within the original boundaries of the District of Columbia. The City serves as a microcosm of American urban development. It reflects many of the changes in economic focus, ethnic diversity, patterns of land use, and social stratification that characterize urban environments.

The City of Alexandria is a leader in community archaeology, supporting an ongoing program of research and preservation that includes Alexandria Archaeology, a division within the Office of Historic Alexandria. Alexandria Archaeology studies and preserves archaeological sites and interprets them for the public through museum exhibitions, publications, classes, workshops and hands-on activities.

Archaeological excavations in Alexandria have brought to light a wide range of sites spanning several centuries. George Washington University students have participated in the excavation and study of African American neighborhoods, the Alexandria Canal, the Stabler-Leadbeater Apothecary Shop, the Lee family homes, Fort Ward (a Civil War fort), the McLean Sugar Refinery, and the Freedmen’s Cemetery.

City archaeologists and field session students will work together this year at a plantation site on Shuter’s Hill.


Internship Opportunities

Internship opportunities (unpaid) are available on a limited basis throughout the year, to students who will receive credit through their colleges or universities. It is the responsibility of each student to make the arrangements to receive this credit.

Students usually come from departments of Anthropology, American Studies, Historic Preservation, History, Museum Studies and Museum Education.

Call the Internship Coordinator at 703-746-4399 for more information, or submit an Internship Application with your current resume.

Some internship opportunities that may be available include:

  • Organizing historical and archaeological references to create a data base for making preservation decisions.
  • Conducting documentary research using primary and secondary sources on specific properties or on specific aspects of the City’s historic development.
  • Conducting archaeological survey, excavation and laboratory work, as available (generally May through October)
  • Assisting in museum education programs which interpret archaeological and historical information to the public. Opportunities to design and install small-scale exhibitions are available on occasion.
  • Assisting in collections management of artifact collections and their documentation, including field notes, records and photographs.

Article source: http://alexandriava.gov/historic/archaeology/default.aspx?id=33900&src=rss


The National Museum of African American History and Culture


A beautiful and moving groundbreaking ceremony was held this morning for the Smithsonian’s 19th museum, the National Museum of African American History and Culture.

The museum, which is being built on the The Mall in Washington, D.C., will be devoted to the documentation of African American life, art, history, and culture. President Obama, speaking at the groundbreaking ceremony, noted that the idea for the museum had been “a long time coming,” as the idea was first proposed by black veterans who had fought for the Union in the Civil War.

Congressman John Lewis, a veteran of the Civil Rights Movement, who President Obama referred to as “my hero,” spoke movingly of the museum and its meaning. Congressman Lewis had worked for years in Congress on the legislation to create the museum.

The museum is scheduled to open in 2015. The groundbreaking ceremony was broadcast on C-Span, and a video of the event can be viewed on the C-Span web site. The network also plans to rebroadcast the event.

News coverage of the event has appeared at NPR, CNN, the Chicago Tribune, USA Today, and the Washington Post.

Photograph: President Obama speaking at the groundbreaking ceremony for the National Museum of African American History and Culture/Getty Images

Article source: http://afroamhistory.about.com/b/2012/02/22/the-national-museum-of-african-american-history-and-culture.htm


The Civil Rights Movement in the Early 1960s


When we think of the Civil Rights Movement, we tend to think of the 1960s. The Movement had been growing for decades, and it was in the early 1960s that things really began to happen.

The Freedom Riders risked their lives in 1961 by riding Greyhound buses into the Deep South, where they would be attacked by the Ku Klux Klan.

In August 1963 Dr. Martin Luther King led the March on Washington, an enormous event which brought the Civil Rights Movement to the forefront of the national conversation. And, of course, Dr. King, on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial, delivered his classic “I Have a Dream” speech.

After the assassination of President Kennedy in November 1963, President Johnson devoted considerable effort to Civil Rights. And the following year was one of struggles and triumphs. Three young Civil Rights workers were murdered in Mississippi in 1964, but the Civil Rights act of 1964 was passed by Congress and signed into law by President Johnson.

The timeline of the Civil Rights Movement in the early 1960s reflects the intensity of the times.

Photograph: The March on Washington, August 28, 1963/Getty Images

Article source: http://afroamhistory.about.com/b/2012/02/21/the-civil-rights-movement-in-the-early-1960s.htm


Unknown No Longer: A Virginia Slave Name Database

February 21 Program in Alexandria Explores “Unknown No Longer” Database

During Black History Month, attend a free workshop in Alexandria to learn how to use Unknown No Longer: A Virginia Slave Name Database. This free database is the latest step by the Virginia Historical Society to increase access to its varied collections relating to Virginians of African descent. The workshop will be held on Tuesday, February 21, from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m., at The Lyceum, Alexandria’s History Museum, 201 South Washington Street.

At this workshop, Dr. Lauranett Lee, Curator of African American History, and Paige Newman, Assistant Archivist, will highlight some of their research findings and provide tips on how to navigate the Unknown No Longer database.  This workshop is currently the only one offered in Northern Virginia. Reservations are required, and space is limited. Register online at www.vahistorical.org/news/unlworkshop_registration.htm.

Thanks to a generous grant from Dominion Resources and the Dominion Foundation in 2011, the Virginia Historical Society launched an online resource called Unknown No Longer: A Database of Virginia Slave Names. This is the first database that examines various documents and plantation records across all of slaveholding Virginia with a focus on Virginians of African descent.

Since its founding in 1831, the VHS has collected unpublished manuscripts, a collection that now numbers more than 8 million processed items. Unknown No Longer is an example of both the VHS’s and Dominion’s commitment to using technology to increase access to historical collections and their dedication to reaching out to a diverse constituency.

This event is co-sponsored by the Office of Historic Alexandria.

For more information, call 804.340.2280 or email pnewman@vahistorical.org.

 

 

Article source: http://alexandriava.gov/historic/info/default.aspx?id=57670&src=rss


Keeping Up to Date with Alexandria Archaeology

  • Alexandria Archaeology Volunteer News
  • Calendar
  • Facebook
  • FOAA ListServ
  • City of Alexandria eNews

Alexandria Archeology CoverAlexandria Archaeology Volunteer News 

The newsletter is posted here on our website. To receive a printed copy or to have the latest copy emailed to you, please join FOAA or become an active volunteer, and request a printed copy.

Here are recent issues of the Friends of Alexandria Archaeology’s newsletter. Older issues are can be read in the museum, by appointment.

Read the Latest Issue

Archives of the Alexandria Archaeology Volunteer News

2012 Newsletters

2011 Newsletters

  • Spring 
  • Summer/Fall

2010 Newsletters

  • Spring
  • Summer
  • Winter 

2009 Newsletters

  • Spring
  • Summer 
  • Fall
  • Winter

2008 Newsletters

  • Spring
  • Summer

 


Calendar

Check our calendar and learn what is happening this month at Alexandria Archaeology, and at our other Historic Alexandria Museums. 


Facebook

Become a Facebook fan and share your support for history. You do not have to be a Facebook member to view the Alexandria Archaeology Museum page.


FOAA ListServ 

The Friends of Alexandria Archaeology maintain an email listserv that allows you to learn about the latest happenings at Alexandria Archaeology and gives you news regarding historic preservation and archaeology in the city, regionally, and nationally. The listserv will keep you informed about upcoming lectures and events and volunteer opportunities at Alexandria Archaeology and other archaeological locations in Northern Virginia. The list-serve generates approximately three messages a week and your email will not be shared with anyone. Additionally, anti-spam features have eliminated the chance of third party spam to the list-serve. To join, go to groups.yahoo.com/group/foaa/ and sign up! If at any time you wish to unsubscribe to the list serve, you can send an email to: FOAA-unsubscribe@yahoogroups.com. Nearly 500 people subscribe to the FOAA list-serve: don’t be left out!


City of Alexandria eNews

Do you want even more information about what is happening in Historic Alexandria? Learn what is going on at all of the City of Alexandria’s museums and historic sites by signing up for the City eNews. By going to the website enews.alexandriava.gov you can have the City of Alexandria send you information from the Office of Historic Alexandria, which will keep you up to date on the latest historical happenings. While at the City’s eNews site, you can also sign up to get alerts about public safety; planning and zoning; city employment; and regional travel and traffic alerts. You pick and choose what information you want sent and how you want the information (to an email, your cellphone, or your portable data device (i.e., Blackberry, PDA, etc). The city eNews is a great way to keep informed.

Article source: http://alexandriava.gov/historic/archaeology/default.aspx?id=39392&src=rss


Zora Neale Hurston

The writer and anthropologist Zora Neale Hurston wrote plays and novels in the 1930s and 1940s before passing into obscurity and being rediscovered decades after her death.

Born in Alabama, she grew up in Florida before heading northward, probably when still a teenager. She worked as a domestic before gaining admission to Howard University, where she decided upon a literary career.

After moving to New York City she was able to attend Barnard College, where she earned a degree in anthropology. For five years, from 1927 to 1932, she collected folklore in the American South.

Often considered essential works of the Harlem Renaissance, her novels include Jonah’s Gourd Vine, Their Eyes Were Watching God, and Seraph On the Suwanee. She wrote a memoir, Dust Tracks On the Road, which was published in 1942.

While her writing was generally praised, controversy may have led to it eventually being ignored, and Hurston died in 1960, nearly forgotten, her books out of print. In the 1970s author Alice Walker helped revive the literary reputation of Zora Neale Hurston, whose books remain in print and are read widely today.

Photograph: Zora Neale Hurston/Getty Images

Article source: http://afroamhistory.about.com/b/2012/02/17/zora-neale-hurston.htm


Studies of the Old Waterfront

Luallen Drawing
The Alexandria waterfront before the bluff was cut down. Note wharves under construction and Carlyle House on the top of the embankment. Drawing by Elizabeth Luallen based on research conducted by Alexandria Archaeology staff and volunteers.


Historical Overview

A Timeline of the Alexandria Waterfront, by Diane Riker. Key events in the development of Alexandria from pre-history up to the Civil War.


Early History

Howson Brent, by Ted Pulliam. It was probably the biggest real estate deal in the history of Northern Virginia. It took place in 1669 and included all the land on which Arlington Cemetery, the Pentagon, Reagan National Airport, and Old Town Alexandria now are located.


18th Century

Alexandria and Belhaven, by Diane Riker. For the first dozen years of its history, Alexandria, Virginia, was a town with two names. Which came first: Alexandria or Belhaven? This paper attempts to disentangle fact from fantasy.

Chadwicks on the Strand, by Diane Riker. From a sandy bank to a restaurant: the development of the Lawrason and Fowle warehouses on the Strand.

Alexandria’s First Wharf, by Ted Pulliam. In 1749, Alexandria was situated on high bluffs that formed a crescent-shaped bay with two points of land at each end of town extending out into the bay. This paper examines the first wharf, its location, date, and builder.

Fitzgerald Warehouse, by Diane Riker. At the corner of King and Union streets in Alexandria stands the earliest waterfront structure the city retains from its heady days as an international port. Seen today from across King Street, the brick and stone warehouse, built for Col. John Fitzgerald in the mid-1790s, appears to tilt toward the river. And the river is where its story begins. This paper is updated and enlarged from Ms. Riker’s, “The Fitzgerald Warehouse: The Early History of an Alexandria Landmark,” published by the Alexandria Historical Society in The Alexandria Chronicle, Summer 2007.

The Warehouses of Lower King Street, by Diane Riker. In 1749, when the first town lots went on sale, the present 100 block was well east of dry land. But investors realized the potential. This paper examines early owners and development.


Early 19th Century

Fowle Warehouses, 204-206 South Union Street, by Diane Riker. By the mid-nineteenth century, Willaim Fowle and two of his sons had built a prosperous business and played important roles in pre-Civil War Alexandria banking, business, and government. The buildings at 204 and 206 South Union remain today as key relics of the Fowle family legacy and are some of the oldest buildings to survive on the waterfront.


Late 19th Century

Fiery Night,  by Diane Riker. The evidence of an 1897 fire at Bryant’s Mill can be found on the wall inside what is now Chadwick’s restaurant on the Strand.


Early 20th Century

0 Prince Street, by Diane Riker. This building was originally the Beachcombers Restaurant that was built on stilts over the water and was one of the most elegant places to dine after World War II. The building survives today but is now on dry (filled) land.


Links

Alexandria Historical Society – The Alexandria Chronicle archives

  • Spring 2009 – A British Fleet Sails into Alexandria, by Ted Pulliam. In 1755 two British ships sailed up the Potomac River to the new town of Alexandria. Filled with 200 British soldiers, they were the first of 18 ships transporting General Edward Braddock’s army to North America to attack the French and their Indian allies at the beginning of the French and Indian War.
  • Fall 2007 – Gunpowder, Flour, Fire and Heirs: A Waterfront Block from Duke to Wolfe Streets, by Ted Pulliam. The history of Point Lumley (the southern projection of the 18th century bay before it was filled in) from early times to the 20th century.
  • Summer 2007 - The Fitzgerald Warehouse: The Early History of an Alexandria Landmark, by Diane Riker.
  • Spring 2006 – Reaching for the Channel: Some Documentary and Archaeological Evidence of Extending Alexandria’s Waterfront, by Steven J. Shephard. Numerous wharves were built out into the bay in the 1780s by constructing walls and then filling them with soil.

Archaeological Site Reports on the Waterfront

 

Article source: http://alexandriava.gov/historic/info/default.aspx?id=42058&src=rss